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View Full Version : What would cause a rear wheel to lock up?



4x4mike
01-02-2009, 08:00 PM
Ok, I know some obvious reasons but let me paint a picture. I've got a '99 4runner and I replaced the rear brake linings, axle seals and bled the brakes last summer. The system has worked well and I have driven and wheeled on it since the repairs and had no problems, until today.

Here's my long winded story. I decided to go skiing as I had the day off. A storm was coming in but it was a warm one and it rained until I got around 6,000 ft in elevation, then there was snow and lots of it. I skied all day and before I left the resort I brushed off the nearly 1 foot on snow that had fallen. There was still day light so I decided to go for a little drive. In 4hi I pulled out of the parking lot and continued down the road. Everything was working fine (brakes, 4wd, etc). The road had a little snow on it but also had about an inch of ice. As the road started downhill I tapped on the brakes because I wanted to go a little slower than I was, 35 down to maybe 25 or so. As I did so I felt and heard the ABS working in the front but maybe it was form under the hood, the ass end also kicked out a bit. Weird and holy mother of sh!t at the same time. I've slid before but this was a little different. The road was a 2 laner but most people were traveling down the middle and here I was pulling a sideways poopie (also known as a Spinal Tap poopie http://www.cs.umd.edu/~dabe/Poopie.html). Anyways I'm headed downhill at and angle at about 15 mph and cars are coming uphill and I'm just waiting for some sheet metal to mate. I counter steer, which is weird while going so slow, and try to use the gas to gain some kind of control but nothing. I pull the e brake and start to slide to the guard rail where I come to a stop. The rail is covered with snow which is good because on the other side of the rail is a 200+ foot gradual fall to the South fork of the Yuba River. There are headlights behind me so I let them pass then I throw it in reverse, nothing. Forward, nothing. Then 4lo, nothing and then nothing. I get out and everything looks fine there isn't even snow under the vehicle to shovel out. After a couple more tries, while cars are just passing (maybe they thought I was looking at the river), an F150 pulls right behind me and a guy jumps out with a strap. I tell him to be careful because it's slipperyer than the barn floor after a long weekend. He says no problem (what?) and then gives me an uphill vehicle straightening pull. Sweet I tell him as a Prius drives by without any chains :argue: :chair: :shake:. I get back and an continue down the road even though I wanted to go back the direction I came but I was already a sideways ass so I figured I wouldn't "plug up" the road. I go about 5 feet and the ass end starts moving, balls! I try to straighten but nothing. I use the brakes and it doesn't help much so I'm looking for a cheap car to hit and a way out all at the same time. After about 30 feet of this I slide into a shoulder area, about 5 feet off the road so the rear is sticking into the lane. So there I was, a stuck sideways poopie (a green one at that), perpendicular to the road facing a burly fall, getting clipped by trucks from BigG@yTruckland, and on an icy slope :clap:.

F150 guy jumps out and he's all :confused: :screwy: :loser: and I was a little pissed and just scared sh!tty. He said my passenger side rear tire wasn't spinning. WTF!. I told him to take a look while I put in 2hi and try to peel out all while pushing against an oldassed snow covered guard rail. Driver side spins but no passenger side. He asks he how he can help and I told him I'd figure it out, which is probably best because as I look uphill I see an F150 burger, and bowl of chili, half a pizza and a twinkie all waiting to push this poopie down the hill into the river.

I put the 4runner in 4lo again and try forward and back again and saw the wheel back and forth. F150 guy said the brake my have frozen but why did it work leaving the resort, if only I had my mapp torch :love:. I busted out my jack and lifted up the rear, keeping in mind my rear was sticking out in traffic all while getting pounded with wind and snow. Once lifted I bear hugged the wheel and tried to turn it, guess what it didn't move :asshat:. I guess if driving down the road and burning out didn't do it I couldn't do it. Anyways, I used the lug wrench on the lugs to try to get it to spin, this always spins the tire if it's up in the air, nope. Yes the e brake was off and the tranny in neutral. After I went all mafia on my tire and brake drum with the lug wrench I decided to take the wheel off, of course this happened without a hitch. After it was off I tried the drum, nothing, tried prying with the lug wrench spike end, nothing, cussed and spit at it, nothing. As I stare at the thing I remembered the bolts I had in spare holes under the hood. I grab the 12mm and retrieve 2 bolts, threaded them into the drum and presto, got that mother off. I looked at the braking system and everything looked fine and attached, no broken shoes, fluid, ice, metal shavings, blood, squirrels, etc. I was getting tired of snow falling down my crack so I decided to put the thing back together, hell I was partially blocking a frozen portion of highway 40 so moving was in my best interest. I turned the pad adjuster back a turn or 2 and slid the drum back on and re-installed the wheel. When I went to lower the jack I noticed that it was at about 20 degrees from straight up, as in the 4Runner was m'fing falling off the sliding jack, damn it. Anyways I throw everything in the back and put it in 4lo. I look left, right and left again then reverse downhill a frozen slope with a vehicle that has questionable handing and braking. To my surprise the thing moved fine, made the 3 point turn well and I jetted back uphill where I came from. I pulled back into the resort parking lot to check the lugnuts for tightness, my pants for a surprise poopie and my phone for cell reception. I had reception but I decided to trudge on. I made it to the freeway and back home without a problem.

Now to my question. What happened?
F150 guy made it sound like you weren't supposed to set the parking brake in the winter or where it freezes. I've never heard this nor have I ever had this problem before. Maybe just maybe the pads had water in them from the downpour and when I stopped it froze? But why was I able to move out of my parking spot and continue down the highway?
Can the ABS lock up a wheel and keep it locked? Doesn't really make sense seeing as I was able to eventually drive away and use the brakes without it locking up.

One thing to note is that once I turned the pad adjuster and slowly moved the axle by the wheel studs the axle kept moving by it's self. You could stop it but it took some force but it was doable with one hand. Once you let go it would move again in a forward direction. I've never taken a wheel off with the vehicle running before so maybe this is par for the course. For the record I had the vehicle on because I had the heater going and I also wanted to make sure it would start (seeing my luck I could seeing it not start once I got it buttoned up). I had to turn the engine off to get the axle to stop spinning in order to get the wheel on. The truck was in neutral and 2wd when it was doing this.

Let me know what you all think. I didn't get pictures of the whole thing mostly because I was cold panicked and pissed. Thanks for reading.

troyboy162
01-02-2009, 08:16 PM
wish i could help more but ill say that ive used an e-brake all though the vermont winters back home and never had an issue.

id guess an odd issue with the automatic adjustment of the drum pads. they are supposed to tighten when you reverse right?

slosurfer
01-02-2009, 08:26 PM
I've had the ebrake freeze on me before when I worked at June Mtn. and my shift started at 12:30 in the morning. I didn't use my ebrake the rest of the time up there unless I parked in a place where I needed to. Although, this doesn't really sound like your problem, as you were able to pull out and drive with no problems prior to it happening.

I'm wondering if troyboy is on to something, your skid while the ebrake pulled may have messed with the adjuster.

Erich_870
01-02-2009, 08:46 PM
I was going to comment that your open differential will allow one tire to spin freely until you jacked up the other and tried to turn it by hand. :headscratch:

It doesn't take much water to freeze a pad to the drum, just the right temps and situation. Glad you were able to control your rig through all that craziness!

The only thing I could think to do is hit that drum with some break cleaner to get rid of any water/ice or debris from the shoe.

Erich

slosurfer
01-02-2009, 08:49 PM
I know how you can fix it. Next month long boat trip Ken goes on, just swap axles with him. :flipoff:

4x4mike
01-02-2009, 08:55 PM
Yeah I was thinking that if I had a locker I could break that ice no problem. If only the wife was with me, I could use it as an excuse. Ooh maybe a locker and rear discs.

After talking with Ken he thinks it was a frozen brake drum. I'm going to take it all apart tomorrow and make sure everything is ok and them button it up. Maybe for the winter I'll throw a piece of firewood in the back for use as a parking brake. The real challenge will be using it as a brake and not lighting it on fire before winters over.

paddlenbike
01-02-2009, 09:00 PM
I know how you can fix it. Next month long boat trip Ken goes on, just swap axles with him. :flipoff:


:flipoff: is right! :)

This is e-locker justification if I've ever seen it!

paddlenbike
01-02-2009, 09:22 PM
I had to look, and sure enough on page 190 of the 4Runner's owners manual:
http://home.off-road.com/~kemanuel/temp/ebrake.jpg

paddlenbike
01-02-2009, 09:38 PM
Also, add these to the 'DO NOT DO' list.

Bad place to store your crow bar: (and apparently your cat)
http://home.off-road.com/~kemanuel/temp/warning1.JPG

Tell junior to sit his ass down:
http://home.off-road.com/~kemanuel/temp/warning2.JPG

"It's going to come out........NOW!"
http://home.off-road.com/~kemanuel/temp/warning3.JPG

4x4mike
01-02-2009, 10:39 PM
Nice. I didn't get a manual with mine. If it did I'm not sure I'd read it. L

Lesson learned, thanks. I'll also sit my ass down when a passenger.

4runnerchevy
01-03-2009, 07:52 AM
id guess an odd issue with the automatic adjustment of the drum pads. they are supposed to tighten when you reverse right?


All the drums, I ever dealt with are adjusted everytime you use the e-brake. Not going in reverse :D

Whitey
01-03-2009, 08:24 AM
Bamachem wrote the following a while back:
http://www.yotatech.com/f16/adjsuting-rear-drum-brakes-easy-way-43741/

That being said, my e-brake mechanism is so seized up no amount of PB will free it.

CJM
01-03-2009, 08:27 AM
FWIW I find adjusting them under the truck works a heck of alot better. I can physically see where they are at and by now its so easy I can tighten or use a dentalpick to be able to loosen too.

FWIW as per FSM iirc the shoes should be within like 1-2mm of the drums.

YotaFun
01-04-2009, 05:14 AM
I had to look, and sure enough on page 190 of the 4Runner's owners manual:
http://home.off-road.com/~kemanuel/temp/ebrake.jpg


WOW!
That explains a lot for me...
No wonder its been taking me practically full throttle to get out of a parking spot after the truck has been sitting a while....

paddlenbike
01-04-2009, 09:20 AM
I did a google search and there were 79,500 results for frozen parking brake. It looks like it is especially common on Ford F150 trucks, but the freezing happens at the cable mechanism, not at the drum. I wonder if water froze inside the cable or on the outside of the axle, preventing the cable from moving. Might explain why you didn't find anything inside the drum itself.

4x4mike
01-05-2009, 08:59 AM
Well I made it back to the Sierra for some backcountry fun. It was plenty cold at the staging area and I didn't use the e brake and all was well. With the manual transmisson it is habit to use the hand brake so I'll have to remember.

I'll have to check out the e brake cable. I'll have to admit that I have never paid it much attention. I've messed with it a litte in the tranny tunnel and at the backing plate but that's it. After what I went through it makes sense that the freezing was in the cable.

oly884
01-05-2009, 12:41 PM
Ebrake freezing is something I learned about really quick back in Montana. There were times when it was the cable, then other times when it was the drum itself. I found that going back and forth in low gear seemed to help get rid of the problem when it happened to me.

If you can get a squirt bottle and some 90% isopropanol alcohol, you can at least use that as a backup if you can't get anything unstuck.

Whitey
01-05-2009, 02:02 PM
If the ebrake is frozen in place you can just tap the machanism on the back of the drum with a hammer to release it.